Octet Rule

The Octet rule states that during chemical reaction, molecules are more likely to combine to achieve full shells of electrons

Hydrogen, however, only needs to achieve a shell of two electrons

Also called coordinate covalent or donor-acceptor, dative bonds are ones where a single atom provides both electrons

The Formal Charge of a covalent bond can be equated by

Where is the number of valence electrons, are the lone electrons and are the bonded electrons